（中英非完全对应）

Throughout Chinese history, tea has been seen as one of the seven daily necessities; accompanied by firewood, oil, salt, vinegar, soy sauce, and of course rice.  

中国上下五千年的历史里，茶始终是开门七件事之一：柴米油盐酱醋茶。

Nowadays, tea can be classified into different types, such as green, yellow, white, oolong, black and Pu-erh.

茶分很多种，比如绿茶，黄茶，白茶，乌龙茶，红茶和普洱茶。

All are made from the leaves of the same species, Camellia sinensis. The significant differences of tea types derive from growing conditions of the plant, harvesting procedures, and processing of the leaves.

所有的茶都来同一类植物的树叶，这类植物被称之为"Camellia sinensis"。茶之所以有不同类别，是因为植物的生长环境，茶叶的采收方式和加工工艺不同。

01Green Tea

The green tea is non-fermented tea, it has the longest history and the greatest quantities.

绿茶是一种未发酵的茶，历史最悠久，产量最多。

Green tea originated in China, but its production has spread to many other Asian countries.

绿茶源自中国，但其生产已遍布很多其它的亚洲国家。

Words:

绿茶[lǜ chá  ]：鲜叶采摘[xiān yè cǎi zhāi]→摊青[tān qīng]→杀青[shā qīng]→揉捻[róu niǎn] →（做形）干燥[（zuò xíng ）gàn zào ]

Green Tea: Picking→Spreading for cooling→fixation(killing green/killing enzymes)→rolling→(shaping)drying

02White Tea

White Tea is the special local product in Fujian and the districts of Fuding, Zhenghe, Songxi, Jian’an and otherwise are its main planting areas.  

White tea is divided into four commercial types. According to the grades, which are Bai Hao Yin Shen (Silver Needle), Bai Mu Dan(White Peony), Shou Mei(Longevity Eyebrow) and Gong Mei(Tribute Eyebrow). 

根据商品等级，白茶可分为四类：白毫银针、白牡丹、寿眉和贡眉。

White tea has the simplest steps, to pick the leaves, dry the leave either in the sun or indoor. Therefore, white tea is the lightly oxidized tea, it has a rich flowery aroma which is formed during the withering. 

白茶工艺简单，采摘鲜叶，日光萎凋干燥而成(或室内）。因此白茶为轻氧化的茶类，萎凋的工艺赋予茶叶丰富花香。

You may hear of Moonlight White Tea in Yunnan province, it’s a new type of white tea being withered and dried indoor only. So the leaves turn to be black on the top side( of the leaves), while silver on the other backside（it seems like that the silver moonlight shines on the leaves, thats the reason why does the tea have such a beautiful name). 

你可能听说过云南的月光白茶，它是一种新型的白茶，仅在室内萎凋干燥而成，所以叶子正面为黑色，背面为银白色，如银色的月光照在叶子上，因此而得名。

03Yellow Tea

Yellow tea, may be only a few people have heard about it. It goes through 10-20ms of fermentation. Actually Yueyang is the hometown of Chinese yellow tea. It is divided into yellow bud tea, small yellow tea and large yellow tea, Junshan Yinzhen and Mengding Huangya is yellow bud tea; Pingyang Huangtang and Ya’an Huangcha is small yellow tea. Dayeqing which is from Guangdong, is kind of large yellow tea. 

Yellow tea colors range from light yellow to auburn yellow.黄茶的干茶颜色特点是从淡黄色到棕黄色。

The process is very similar to green tea except with an additional step that results in the finished tea leaves having a natural light yellow color.  After rolling, it’s heaping for yellowing.

那黄茶的制作工艺和绿茶很相似，只是揉捻之后多了一道额外的关键工艺。黄茶就是在揉捻之后，进行闷黄的。

The purpose to oxidize it a little bit, so it is able to convert into the sweet and mellow taste. 目的是部分氧化茶叶，这样口感会变得更加香甜和醇和。

04Oolong Tea

Oolong tea is a traditional type of tea in China, very popular throughout Asia. It can be found in restaurants, vending machines, corner shops and supermarkets, and is served both hot and cold.

作为一款中国传统茶叶，乌龙茶风靡亚洲。无论在餐馆，自动贩卖机，转角的商店或是超市都能看到冷饮或热饮的乌龙茶。

Oolong tea is semi-oxidized tea, giving a taste between black and green tea. Oolong tea leaves are showing green in the center and red at the edge, and it is commonly called green leaves with red edging.

乌龙茶是半发酵茶，口感介于红茶和绿茶之间。乌龙茶的叶片颜色为中间绿而边缘红，通常被称为"绿叶红镶边"。

a widely used ceremonial method of steeping oolongs in China is called gongfucha. 在中国，乌龙茶多以功夫茶的形式冲泡

use a small steeping vessel, such as a gaiwan or Yixing clay teapot 可选盖碗或宜兴紫砂壶等小型冲泡器具

with more tea than usual for the amount of water used 同样的水，投茶量比平时稍多一些

multiple short steeps of 20 seconds to 1 minute are performed 冲泡20秒到1分钟不等

the tea is often served in one- to two-ounce tasting cups 倒入品茗杯（1-2盎司）饮用

a fragrant partially oxidized tea 芳香型半发酵茶

partially oxidized tea；semi-oxidized tea 半发酵茶的2种说法

The terroir of these teas is demonstrated by oolongs floral notes 乌龙茶的香气能反映茶树生长环境的不同

be subtly different according to the orientation, altitude and soil mineral content of the hillside on which the tea is grown. 

茶山方向、纬度、土壤矿物质含量的不同，（所制乌龙茶的芳香）也会产生一些微妙的不同

traditional semi-oxidized Chinese tea 中国传统半发酵茶

 wither the plant under strong sun 将鲜叶摊放在太阳下萎凋

degree of oxidation can range from 8–85% 氧化度在8-85%之间

different styles of oolong tea can vary widely in flavor 不同种类的乌龙茶滋味变化很大

be sweet and fruity with honey aromas 蜜糖香和果蜜香

be woody and thick with roasted aromas 松烟香

be green and fresh with complex aromas 清香馥郁

leaves are usually formed into one of two distinct styles 茶叶一般有两种外型

some are rolled into long curly leaves 叶片揉捻成长条卷曲型

others are wrap-curled into small beads, each with a tail "包揉"成带小尾巴的颗粒型

withering, rolling, shaping, and firing are similar to black tea, but much more attention to timing and temperature is necessary. 萎凋、揉捻、做形和烘干的步骤与红茶类似，但需要更注重时间和温度

05Black Tea

Lapsang Souchong 小种红茶　This special type of black tea from the Fujian province of China comes this very distinctive tea with its exotic smoky flavor. After plucking, the leaves are withered over cypress or pine wood fires. After the rolling process, they are placed into wooden barrels until they begin to emit their own pleasant aroma. As a final step they are placed in bamboo baskets and hung on racks over smoky pine fires where they dry and absorb the essence of the smoke.

正山小种是我国福建省之特产，由十采用松柴明火加温萎凋和干燥，干茶带有浓烈的松烟香。

正山小种红茶以福建崇安县星村桐木关所产的品质最佳，称“正山小种”或“星村小种”。

外形条索粗壮长直，身骨重实，色泽乌黑油润有光，内质香高，具松烟香，汤色呈糖浆状的深金黄色，滋味醇厚，似桂圆汤味，叶底厚实光滑，呈古铜色。汤色红亮，滋味甘醇，具有天然的桂圆味及特有的松烟香。

06Dark Tea

1.普洱饼茶　Pu-Erh Cake Tea  

 

2.普洱散茶　Pu-Erh loose leaves Tea  

 

3.普洱砖茶　Pu-Erh Brick Tea 

 

4.普洱沱茶　Pu-Erh Birds Nest Tea 

 

5.普洱工艺茶　Pu-Erh Arts and Crafts Tea

Puer Tea rose up in the Eastern Han Dynasty, turned into comity in the Tang Dynasty, began to be popular in the Sing Dynasty, as finalized in the Ming Dynasty and was prospered in Qing Dynasty with a history of thousand of years. Puer Tea tea was originally named by its central trading area, in 1729 Qing government had first established an administrative zone named Puer Tea zone in Yunnan.

普洱茶以其集贸中心之普洱地区命名，千百年来，其独特的韵味享誉古今中外，普洱茶兴于东汉，商于唐朝，始盛于宋，定型于明，繁荣于清。雍正七年（1729年）设置普洱府，下辖今思茅和西双版纳地区，并随着朝时期普洱茶入贡清政府宫庭受宠而进入发展鼎盛时期。

From the 1970’s, Puer Tea become hot in Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan, Japan, Korea and so on. Puer Tea is hot because its habitat of high elevation and fogy growing environment, in is pollution-free in nature, is mellow in taste and long in the aftertaste; 

从20世纪70年代，港、澳、台、日、韩等国掀起的普洱茶热，到目前的遍寻陈年普洱茶和古普洱茶饼。历时一千多年，普洱茶的声誉常盛不衷，声名远播，之所以如此，是因为其产地均为高海拨云雾山中，系无污染的纯天然茶叶，滋味醇厚，经久耐泡；

Moreover, the unique manufacture, transportation, packaging of Puer Tea made it become a unique second fermenting tea, thus has formed it’s the unique crusted fragrance and the health care function.

另由于历史上普洱县交通不便，运输只好靠马帮，经茶马古道外运，为便于运输将茶叶制成团、砖、饼等形状之紧茶，且在越区运输、储藏过程中，茶叶产生后发酵，形成了独特的陈香味和药用保健功效。

Pu’er tea have effectiveness in reducing body weight and blood fat. The raw Pu’er and The ripe Pu’er have different characteristics and functions. The raw Pu’er have a strong mellow taste,the ripe tea is more mild.

普洱茶有明显的减肥和降血脂的功效。普洱生茶和熟茶有不同的特点和功效，生茶口感醇厚，熟茶口感较温和。 

Words:

mellow 醇厚；aromatic 芳香；melon 甘甜；smooth 滑润 

dense 厚重；cotton slip绵滑；slight honey aroma淡淡的蜜香；

 

The Tea Ceremony is a way to show their gratitude for raising them and to say thank you for everything they have given them. 

茶礼表达出来的是感谢养育之恩，感谢所有的馈赠。

每周六晚英语茶会

一起来品味不同滋味的茶

用英语聊聊茶文化！

英语茶会 | Enjoy the beauty and depth in tea. 初见六大茶类